TC4钛合金侧铣加工表面形貌分析及工艺参数优化

Surface Morphology and Parametric Optimization of Peripheral Milling TC4 Titanium Alloy

摘要:

TC4钛合金是 1种典型的不易加工材料,其切削加工表面质量很难控制。为实现面向侧铣加工表面形貌的切削工艺参数优选,开展了 TC4钛合金侧铣加工实验研究。首先,探究了加工表面微观缺陷特征及其形成机制；然后,采用粗糙度参数 Ra和 Sa对铣削表面形貌进行定量表征,并分析了切削速度、进给量和切削深度对表面粗糙度参数的影响；最后,基于遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)对铣削工艺参数进行了优化。研究发现,加工表面微观缺陷主要有进给刀痕等固有缺陷和黏附颗粒等随机缺陷。铣削表面粗糙度随主轴转速的增大先减小后增大；随径向切深的增大先增大后减小；随进给量先增大后减小。在主轴转速 n = 1 093 r/min、径向切深 ae = 0.2 mm、每转进给量 f = 0.06 mm/r的条件下可以获得较小的表面粗糙度。

Abstract:

TC4 Titanium alloy is a typical difficult-to-machine material, and its cutting surface quality is difficult to con-trol. In order to optimize the cutting process parameters for peripheral milling surface morphology, experimental research on TC4 titanium alloy peripheral milling is carried out. Firstly, the characteristics and formation mechanism of micro de-fects on the machined surface are explored; secondly, the surface morphology of milling is quantitatively characterized us-ing roughness parameters Ra and Sa, and the effects of cutting speed, feed rate, and cutting depth on surface roughness pa-rameters are analyzed; finally, the milling process parameters are optimized based on the genetic algorithm. Research has found that the micro defects on the machining surface mainly include inherent defects such as feed marks and random de-fects such as attached particles. The surface roughness of milling first decreases and then increases with the increase of spindle speed, increases and then decreases with the increase of radial cutting depth, and increases and then decreases with the feed rate. Under the conditions of spindle speed n = 1 093 r/min, radial cutting depth ae = 0.2 mm, and feed rate per revolution f = 0.06 mm/r, smaller surface roughness can be obtained.